CIRCLE (The Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement)
conducts research on the civic and political engagement of young Americans.
The Center for Information & Research on Civic Learning and Engagement

Working Papers - Race, Gender, and Immigrant Status

In-depth analysis on a particular issue in the field of civic engagement can be found in CIRCLE’s working papers.

RSSWorking Papers - Race, Gender, and Immigrant Status

CIRCLE Working Paper 59: Democracy for Some–The Civic Opportunity Gap in High School

by Joseph Kahne and Ellen Middaugh February 2008 In our study of high school civic opportunities, we found that a student’s race and academic track, and a school’s average socioeconomic status (SES) determines the availability of the school-based civic learning opportunities that promote voting and broader forms of civic engagement. High school students attending higher Read More >

February 27th, 2008
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Working Paper 53: Do Gender and Ethnicity Affect Civic Engagement and Academic Progress?

[Part II of An Assessment of Civic Engagement and High School Academic Progress] by Alberto Davila and Marie T. Mora January 2007 “Using panel data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS), we first analyze how civic engagement (measured in terms of community service and participation in student government) undertaken at the high Read More >

January 31st, 2007
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Working Paper 52: Civic Engagement and High School Academic Progress: An Analysis Using NELS Data

[Part I of An Assessment of Civic Engagement and High School Academic Progress] by Alberto Davila and Marie T. Mora January 2007 “Using panel data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS), this study empirically analyzes the relationship between two forms of civic engagement—student government and community service—and educational progress made after the Read More >

January 21st, 2007
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Working Paper 51: The Civic Achievement Gap

by Meira Levinson January 2007 “This paper, drawn from a book in progress, summarizes evidence of a civic achievement gap between non-white, poor, and/or immigrant youth, on the one hand, and white, wealthier, and/or native-born youth, on the other. Young people (and adults) in the former group demonstrate consistently lower levels of civic and political Read More >

January 20th, 2007
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Working Paper 50: Civil Rights Activists in the Information Age: The Development of Math Literacy Workers

by Roderick J. Watts and Omar Guessous October 2006 “This is the final report of an evaluation research projects completed with and on the Young People’s Project in Chicago. The mission of the Young People’s Project (YPP) is to “organize young people to work to radically change their education, and the way they relate to Read More >

October 31st, 2006
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Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn

by Peter Levine and James Youniss February 2006 “The papers in this collection were written by an interdisciplinary group to address two main questions: What conditions deter young people’s involvement in politics and civic life? What reforms could enhance youth engagement? Most of the contributors met face-to-face in Washington, DC in March 2005 to discuss Read More >

March 19th, 2006
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Working Paper 41: Gender and Civic Engagement: Secondary Analysis of Survey Data

by Krista Jenkins June 2005 “The NCES represents the best survey in recent years to examine rates and types of activism among both young women and men. It is rich with questions about a variety of ways people can influence politics and their communities. These range from activities designed to influence the formal political process, Read More >

September 3rd, 2005
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Working Paper 38: Giving Back to the Community: African American Inner City Teens and Civic Engagement

by Michelle M. Charles August 2005 “I conducted my study from April, 2003 to September, 2004. The entire project was intended to serve as a baseline case study for consideration by the national civic engagement activist community. My target population was Philadelphia African American teens ages 15 to 19 years old living in the most Read More >

August 31st, 2005
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Working Paper 33: The Impact of Participation in Service-Learning on High School Students’ Civic Engagement

by Shelley Billig, Sue Root, and Dan Jesse May 2005 “This study compared more than 1,000 high school students who participated in service-learning programs with those who did not participate in schools matched for similar demographics and student achievement profiles. The intention was to estimate the effects of service-learning compared to more traditional ways of Read More >

May 31st, 2005
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Working Paper 32: Social Representation in the U.S. Military Services

by Mark Adamshick May 2005 “Is there a correlation between race and an individual’s proclivity to enlist in the military? Clearly, the 25th Annual DoD report verifies the imbalance. Despite the data, is it just a matter of race? Is there a relationship between a person’s willingness to join the military and other measures of Read More >

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April 15th, 2005
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Working Paper 25: Civic Views of Young Adult Minorities: Exploring the Influences of Kinship Communities and Youth Mentoring Communities on Prosocial Civic Behaviors

by Diann Cameron Kelly December 2004 “However, for many minority youth, being engaged with society is a more comprehensive, cultural issue than merely voting, joining mainstream member organizations or volunteering through traditional service groups (Flanagan, Bowes, Jonsson, Csapo, & Sheblanova, 1998; Schlozman, Verba & Brady, 1999; Torney-Purta, et al., 2003; Yates & Youniss, 1998; Watts, Read More >

December 31st, 2004
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Working Paper 19: Getting Out the Vote among Asian American Young People and Adults in Los Angeles County: A Field Experiment

by Janelle S. Wong August 2004 “This study examines the effects of mobilization on political participation among Asian Americans. It focuses on whether telephone and mail canvassing increases voter turnout among Asian Americans who live in high-density Asian American areas in Los Angeles County. Prior to the November 5, 2002 elections, a randomized voter mobilization Read More >

August 3rd, 2004
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Working Paper 14: The Relationship between Secondary Education and Civic Development: Results from Two Field Experiments with Inner City Minorities

by John Anthony Philiips May 2004 “This study is additionally novel in the measures it uses to gauge civic engagement. Many scholars have characterized minority students as possessing less political knowledge and participating less in civic organizations than their white counterparts (Hodgkinson and Weitzman 1997, Niemi and Junn 1998, Lake et al. 2002). These findings Read More >

May 31st, 2004
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Working Paper 10: Mobilizing the Latino Youth Vote

by Melissa R. Michelson January 2004 “This paper describes the results of a field experiment aimed at increasing turnout among young Latinos in Fresno, California conducted in the fall of 2002. Canvassers went door-to-door during the final two weekends before Election Day to urge registered young people to go to the polls. Young people of Read More >

August 31st, 2003
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