CIRCLE (The Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement)
conducts research on the civic and political engagement of young Americans.
The Center for Information & Research on Civic Learning and Engagement

Research Topics

The following includes a list of CIRCLE’s research topics and interests.

RSSResearch Topics

Civic Knowledge


Do States Require Students Learn about Political Parties & Ideology?
CIRCLE Director Pens Article on Civic Education
Commission on Youth Voting and Civic Knowledge Releases Report
CIRCLE Calls New College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Social Studies Framework a Step in the Right Direction
Civic Learning through Action: An Example of Action Civics
Discussion, Debate, and Simulations Boost Students’ Civic Knowledge, But Gaps Remain
Civics, digital badges and alternative assessment: Preparing students to be engaged citizens
Immigration and the 2012 Election
High School Civic Education Linked to Voting Participation and Political Knowledge, No Effect on Partisanship or Candidate Selection
What the NAEP Civics Assessment Measures and How Students Perform
Knowledge about Voter Laws Still Lacking
Redefining Civic Knowledge?
Civic Skills and Federal Policy
Federal Policy and Civic Skills
CIRCLE conference on Federal Policy and Civic Skills
FEATURED: CIRCLE Working Paper 60: The Informed Political Participation of Young Canadians and Americans
CIRCLE Working Paper 59: Democracy for Some–The Civic Opportunity Gap in High School
CIRCLE releases a major report entitled “Millennials Talk Politics: A Study of College Student Political Engagement.”
2007 Civic Health Index to be released
CIRCLE Working Paper 57: Best Practices in Civic Education: Changes in Students’ Civic Outcomes
Preparing for College: Enrolling, Education, and Advancing Latinos
Emerging Scholars in K-12 Service-Learning
Working Paper 06: The Role of Civic Skills in Fostering Civic Engagement

Community Participation


Rural Millennials, the 2016 Election and Civic Deserts
CIRCLE receives W.T. Grant Foundation Support to Study Social and Economic Effects of Youth Civic Empowerment and Participation
America’s Civic Renewal Movement: Implications for Youth Engagement
Youth Engagement in Extracurricular Activities and the Social Class Divide
Civic Learning through Action: An Example of Action Civics
Once Again, Data Points to the Power of the Ask
Livestream Today at 1pm ET: Civic Engagement and Unemployment
“That’s Not Democracy.” How Out-of-School Youth Engage in Civic Life and What Stands in Their Way
Impact of AmeriCorps on Voting: Study Finds No Evidence that AmeriCorps Mobilizes Young People Politically; Non-voters More Likely to Enroll in Program
FEATURED: The Engaged Citizen Index: Examining the Racial and Ethnic Civic and Political Engagement Gaps of Young Adults
FEATURED: New Study Dispels Stereotypes About Young Voters Ahead of 2012 Elections
How Do We Create Culturally Competent Civic Engagement Strategies For Young Activists?
Civic Engagement among Registered Citizens and Non-Registered Eligible Citizens
Civic Health and Unemployment: Can Engagement Strengthen the Economy?
The Benefits of Volunteering – What We Know
State Civic Health Reports are Uncovering Inequality and Pushing Conversations about Community Involvement
Do Interactions with the Criminal Justice System have Civic Effects?
New Reports on the Civic Health of PA, MD, NY, OK, IL and Chicago Show Age Gaps in Civic Engagement
The Internet’s Role in Making Engaged Citizens
FEATURED: Youth Volunteering in the States: 2002 to 2009
2010 Reports Present Strengths and Weaknesses of States’ Civic Health
CIRCLE Works with NCoC to Produce State-Level Reports on Civic Engagement
New book: Handbook of Research on Civic Engagement and Youth
State 2009 Civic Health Report Reflect Unique Characteristics among States
Four Youth Organizations that are Working to Build Civic Skills
Returning Veterans Continue Service Stateside
CIRCLE Designs and Analyzes 2008 Civic Health Index
Volunteering Eases Return to Civilian Life for Young Veterans
FEATURED: Civic Engagement and Educational Progress in Young Adulthood
Immigrant Youth Less Likely to Volunteer
National Conference on Citizenship 2009 Civic Health Index finds civic engagement under stress in the recession
Youth without college education are less likely to volunteer: New CIRCLE report examines the correlation between college experience & volunteering
Downward Trend in High School Volunteering
New CIRCLE Working Papers on Underrepresented Groups in Volunteer Service
Three New Volunteering Fact Sheets
Youth Volunteering in the States: 2002 to 2006
Around the CIRCLE- V4.I4 July 2007
Themes Emphasized in Social Studies and Civics Classes
Strengths and Weaknesses in U.S. Students’ Knowledge and Skills: Analysis from the IEA Civic Education Study
How Teachers’ Preparation Relates to Students’ Civic Knowledge and Engagement in the United States: Analysis from the IEA Civic Education Study
Participation in Sports and Civic Engagement
Federal Policies for Civic Education and Service
Working Paper 55: Civic Measurement Models: Tapping Adolescents’ Civic Engagement
Volunteering Among Young People
Classrooms Produce Positive Civic Education: Results from a Longitudinal Study of Chicago Public School Students
Religious Service Attendance and Civic Engagement Among 15 to 25 Year Olds
Around the CIRCLE–V.4 I.3 APRIL 2007
Civic Engagement Among Young Men and Women
Working Paper 53: Do Gender and Ethnicity Affect Civic Engagement and Academic Progress?
Working Paper 52: Civic Engagement and High School Academic Progress: An Analysis Using NELS Data
Civic Engagement Among Minority Youth
Higher Education and Civic Engagement: Summary
Civic Engagement among 2-year and 4-year College Students
Civic Engagement among Recent College Graduates
College Attendance and Civic Engagement Among 18 to 25 Year Olds
Working Paper 50: Civil Rights Activists in the Information Age: The Development of Math Literacy Workers
Special Report: The 2006 Civic and Political Health of the Nation
Around the CIRCLE–V4.I1 October 2006
How can Sports and Civic Engagement Mix?
CIRCLE Convenes Meeting on Immigrant Youth Civic Engagement
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I4 June 2006
Working Paper 46: College Students and Politics: A Literature Review
Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn
Youth Volunteer Motivations: Implications for Practice
Around the CIRCLE–V3.I3 March 2006
Working Paper 43: Measuring Volunteering: A Behavioral Approach
Integrating Youth Voice in City Government: Young People as Community Resources
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I2 November 2005
Working Paper 41: Gender and Civic Engagement: Secondary Analysis of Survey Data
Working Paper 40: The Changing Lifeworld of Young People: Risk, Resume-Padding, and Civic Engagement
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I1 August 2005
Working Paper 33: The Impact of Participation in Service-Learning on High School Students’ Civic Engagement
Working Paper 31: Youth Civic Engagement: Systems Change and Culture Change in Hampton, Virginia
How Individuals Begin Volunteering
Working Paper 23: A Comparative Analysis of Community Youth Development Strategies
Around the CIRCLE–Winter 2004
Time Spent in Volunteer Activity: 2002 and 2003
Working Paper 11: National Service in America: Policy (Dis)Connections Over Time
Locate Your Local Youth Civic Engagement Organizations Using New Searchable Databases
Measuring Civic Engagement
Around the CIRCLE–Spring 2003

Concepts of Citizenship


New Book: Engaging Young People in Civic Life
New book: The Future of Democracy: Developing the Next Generation of American Citizens
Working Paper 55: Civic Measurement Models: Tapping Adolescents’ Civic Engagement
Working Paper 54: Improving Textbooks as a Way to Foster Civic Understanding and Engagement
Around the CIRCLE–V.4 I.3 APRIL 2007
Special Report: The 2006 Civic and Political Health of the Nation
Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn
Special Report: Higher Education: Civic Mission & Civic Effects
Working Paper 39: Modern Universities, Absent Citizenship? Historical Perspectives
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I1 August 2005
Around the CIRCLE–April 2005
Around the CIRCLE–Winter 2004
Working Paper 12: Civic Education Through National Service: Lessons from American History
Around the CIRCLE–Summer 2003
Around the CIRCLE–Spring 2003

Group Membership and Social Networks


Five Takeaways on Social Media and the Youth Vote in 2018
Rural Millennials, the 2016 Election and Civic Deserts
CIRCLE receives W.T. Grant Foundation Support to Study Social and Economic Effects of Youth Civic Empowerment and Participation
Guest Post: Conservation Leadership Impact Measures
Youth Party Registration Lagging Behind 2012 in Nevada
America’s Civic Renewal Movement: Implications for Youth Engagement
YOUNG VOTERS AND THE HORSERACE: 52.1% Obama v. 35.1% Romney
Once Again, Data Points to the Power of the Ask
Livestream Today at 1pm ET: Civic Engagement and Unemployment
Why Looking Locally is Important
The Internet’s Role in Making Engaged Citizens
CIRCLE’s Social Media Experiments
April 2010 Edition of CIRCLE’s Quarterly Newsletter Available
The Internet and Civic Outcomes: Notes from the Field
National Conference on Citizenship 2009 Civic Health Index finds civic engagement under stress in the recession
Around the CIRCLE- V.5 I.1 Fall 2007
How to Read and Use Research to Make your Job Easier
Participation in Sports and Civic Engagement
Religious Service Attendance and Civic Engagement Among 15 to 25 Year Olds
Civic Engagement Among Young Men and Women
Working Paper 53: Do Gender and Ethnicity Affect Civic Engagement and Academic Progress?
Working Paper 52: Civic Engagement and High School Academic Progress: An Analysis Using NELS Data
Special Report: The 2006 Civic and Political Health of the Nation
Around the CIRCLE–V4.I1 October 2006
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I4 June 2006
Working Paper 46: College Students and Politics: A Literature Review
Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn
Around the CIRCLE–V3.I3 March 2006
Working Paper 44: Sports, Youth and Character: A Critical Survey
Working Paper 42: Young Voters and the Web of Politics 2004: The Youth Political Web Sphere Comes of Age
Working Paper 38: Giving Back to the Community: African American Inner City Teens and Civic Engagement
Working Paper 32: Social Representation in the U.S. Military Services
Around the CIRCLE–April 2005
Special Report: OMG! How Generation Y Is Redefining Faith in the iPod Era
Working Paper 31: Youth Civic Engagement: Systems Change and Culture Change in Hampton, Virginia
Working Paper 30: Recognizing the Role of Community in Civic Education: Lessons from Hull House, Highlander Folk School, and the Neighborhood Learning Community
Working Paper 26: Civic Engagement and the Canvass
Working Paper 23: A Comparative Analysis of Community Youth Development Strategies
Around the CIRCLE–October 2004
Special Report: An Investigation of State Student Associations and Their Ability to Engage Students
Group Membership and Group Involvement Among Young People
Characteristics of Group Membership Among Young People
Working Paper 03: Socializing Youth for Citizenship
Working Paper 02: The Role of Adolescent Extracurricular Activities in Adult Political Participation

Higher Education


CIRCLE Poll: So Much for Slacktivism, As Youth Translate Online Engagement to Offline Political Action
College Student-Heavy Counties Support Sanders, Play Major Role in Iowa Caucus
Crucial Role for Higher Ed in Building Youth Civic Engagement
Civics, digital badges and alternative assessment: Preparing students to be engaged citizens
Education Gap Persists: 66% of youth with any college experience turned out to vote, 35% of youth with no college experience
College Students Registered to Vote Turned Out at 87% in 2008
DemocracyU Wants You
Transforming Undergraduate Education: Theory that Compels and Practices that Succeed
Special Issue of Liberal Education
2010 College Student Voting – Part 2
2010 College Student Voting – Part 1
The Effects of Institutional Culture on Leadership Education at Tufts University
Millennials Talk Politics: Clues for Further Engagement
FEATURED: New CIRCLE working paper shows college students respond strongly to an in-person drive; choose to vote “back home” in swing states.
CIRCLE receives two grants from the Corporation for National and Community Service
Around the CIRCLE- WINTER 2008 V.5 I.2
Millennials Talk Politics: A Study of College Student Political Participation
Around the CIRCLE- V.5 I.1 Fall 2007
Three New Volunteering Fact Sheets
Around the CIRCLE–V.4 I.3 APRIL 2007
College Attendance and Civic Engagement Among 18 to 25 Year Olds
Higher Education and Civic Engagement: Summary
Civic Engagement among 2-year and 4-year College Students
Civic Engagement among Recent College Graduates
Working Paper 46: College Students and Politics: A Literature Review
Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn
Special Report: Higher Education: Civic Mission & Civic Effects
Around the CIRCLE–V3.I3 March 2006
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I2 November 2005
Working Paper 40: The Changing Lifeworld of Young People: Risk, Resume-Padding, and Civic Engagement
Working Paper 39: Modern Universities, Absent Citizenship? Historical Perspectives

K-12 Civic Education


CIRCLE and Arthur: Using Children’s Media to Promote Civic Education
Civic Education Project Co-Led by CIRCLE Receives $650,000 Grant
Celebrating Media Literacy Week! 10 Ways Media Literacy Matters in 2020
Voter Turnout of Youth Aged 18-19 Shows States Having Varied Success at Growing Voters
A Civic Imperative for Media Literacy
Teens and Elections
How to Engage Youth in Elections and Beyond
Do States Require Students Learn about Political Parties & Ideology?
CIRCLE Director Pens Article on Civic Education
Making a Civic Education Reform Work for Kids: CIRCLE and the Florida Partnership for Civic Learning
States are Implementing the C3 (College, Career, and Citizenship) Framework
More than a Test: Truly Committing to Civic Education
Civic Education and Deeper Learning
CIRCLE Research Supports Efforts to Lower Voting Age in Local Elections
Strengthening Democracy: Girls’ Leadership and K-12 Education
How Civics is Taught in America: A National Survey of Civics and U.S. Government Teachers
High School Civics Requirements and Assessments Vary Across the U.S.
Youth Engagement in Extracurricular Activities and the Social Class Divide
Harry, Hermione, Ron, and Neville – Portraits of American Teens’ Leisure Time Use
New Interactive Map Explores Civic Education State-by-State
Reforming Civic Education: Three Case Studies
Information Literacy in High School Civics
A Call to Civic Leaders: Collaboration, Advocacy, and Reform
Civic Learning for ‘College, Career and Civic Life’: A Role for Education Associations
Commission on Youth Voting and Civic Knowledge Releases Report
CIRCLE Calls New College, Career, and Civic Life (C3) Social Studies Framework a Step in the Right Direction
Building the Case for Action Civics
Civic Learning through Action: An Example of Action Civics
Discussion, Debate, and Simulations Boost Students’ Civic Knowledge, But Gaps Remain
Civics, digital badges and alternative assessment: Preparing students to be engaged citizens
What the NAEP Civics Assessment Measures and How Students Perform
iCivics’ Drafting Board Module Boosts Students’ Writing Skills
Did Civic Education Laws Affect Youth Turnout in 2012?
Youth Poll Shows Engagement and Intention-to-Vote Rises Since Summer, Many Factors Influence Youth Voting
#YouthTruth: Civic Skills Crucial at Election Time – But Are these Skills Taught to Youth?
Redefining Civic Knowledge?
Is contemporary history taught in schools?
New CIRCLE Fact Sheet Describes State Laws, Standards, and Requirements for k-12 Civics
Civic Education and 9/11
New Book: Making Civics Count
No Citizen Left Behind
Guardian of Democracy: Successor Report to the Civic Mission of Schools
New Book: Teaching America: The Case for Civic Education
9/11 Now in Textbooks and Standards
What is the role of public education in youth civic engagement? [Video]
FEATURED: Extracurricular Activities May Increase Likelihood of Voting
FEATURED: The Classroom-Kitchen Table Connection: The Effects of Political Discussion on Youth Knowledge and Efficacy
The Civic Mission of Schools: A Review of the Research
April 2010 Edition of CIRCLE’s Quarterly Newsletter Available
FEATURED: Schoolwide Civic Intervention May Help to Increase Community Service Participation Among Students of All Backgrounds
Has NCLB Narrowed School Curricula?
FEATURED: Predicting Civic Engagement in Urban High School Students
Civic Education Boosts 21st-Century Skills
FEATURED: New CIRCLE Working Paper on K12 Civic Education
FEATURED: New CIRCLE Working Paper on K12 Civic Education
Diana Hess, Controversy in the Classroom
The k-12 Curriculum in the Era of NCLB
Disparities in Turnout and Civic Education
CIRCLE Working Paper 59: Democracy for Some–The Civic Opportunity Gap in High School
Youth Civic Identity Development Amid Distinct School and Community Contexts
Around the CIRCLE- V.5 I.1 Fall 2007
Meaningful Learning Outside the Confines of the School Building
In Use: The Civic Mission of Schools Report
CIRCLE Jointly Hosts Summer Youth Mapping Program
U.S. Civics Instruction: Content and Teaching Strategies
CIRCLE Working Paper 58: An Interim Report of the Evaluation of a Comprehensive High School Civic Engagement Intervention in Hudson, MA
CIRCLE Working Paper 57: Best Practices in Civic Education: Changes in Students’ Civic Outcomes
CIRCLE Working Paper 56: Schools, Education and the Future of the First Amendment
Three New Volunteering Fact Sheets
CIRCLE starts teen community mapping program in Prince George’s County, MD
Emerging Scholars in K-12 Service-Learning
Civic Engagement Among non-College Attending Youth
Civics Curriculum and Civic Skills: Recent Evidence
Themes Emphasized in Social Studies and Civics Classes
Strengths and Weaknesses in U.S. Students’ Knowledge and Skills: Analysis from the IEA Civic Education Study
How Teachers’ Preparation Relates to Students’ Civic Knowledge and Engagement in the United States: Analysis from the IEA Civic Education Study
Federal Policies for Civic Education and Service
ECS Study Reveals Gaps in State-Level Policy Regarding Civic Education
Four Years after the Civic Mission of Schools Report: A Summary of the Latest CIRCLE Research on School-Based Civic Learning
A :etter from the Authors of the Civic Mission of Schools Report (Gibson & Levine)
Working Paper 54: Improving Textbooks as a Way to Foster Civic Understanding and Engagement
Around the CIRCLE–V.4 I.3 APRIL 2007
Working Paper 53: Do Gender and Ethnicity Affect Civic Engagement and Academic Progress?
An Assessment of Civic Engagement and Educational Attainment
Working Paper 52: Civic Engagement and High School Academic Progress: An Analysis Using NELS Data
Working Paper 51: The Civic Achievement Gap
Around the CIRCLE– V4.I2 January 2007
Working Paper 50: Civil Rights Activists in the Information Age: The Development of Math Literacy Workers
Schools and Researchers Working Together to Improve Civic Education: Two Examples
Around the CIRCLE–V4.I1 October 2006
Working Paper 49: Experiments in Political Socialization: Kids Voting USA as a Model for Civic Education Reform
Working Paper 48: Assessing School Citizenship Education Climate: Implications for the Social Studies
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I4 June 2006
Working Paper 47: Developing Indicators and Measures of Civic Outcomes for Elementary School Students
The Campaign for the Civic Mission of Schools Launches National Advisory Council
Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn
The Effects of Civic Education on Civic Skills
The Civic Effects of Small School Reform: A Discussion (C. Donovan)
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I1 August 2005
Working Paper 34: Survey of Civic Learning Opportunities for Out-of-School Youth in the Adult Education and Literacy System
Working Paper 33: The Impact of Participation in Service-Learning on High School Students’ Civic Engagement
Around the CIRCLE–April 2005
Working Paper 31: Youth Civic Engagement: Systems Change and Culture Change in Hampton, Virginia
Working Paper 30: Recognizing the Role of Community in Civic Education: Lessons from Hull House, Highlander Folk School, and the Neighborhood Learning Community
Working Paper 28: Voice in the Classroom: How an Open Classroom Environment Facilitates Adolescents’ Civic Development
Quickly locate state policies on citizenship education
Youth Voting: In the Classroom and at the Polls [by Carrie Donovan]
Working Paper 22: Education for Deliberative Democracy: The Long-term Influence of Kids Voting USA
Adolescents’ Trust and Civic Participation in the United States: Analysis of Data from the IEA Civic Education Study
Working Paper 18: Politics: The Missing Link of Responsible Civic Education
Working Paper 17: Trust in Government-Related Institutions and Civic Engagement among Adolescents: Analysis of Five Countries from the IEA Civic Education Study
Working Paper 09: The Effects of Catholic Schooling on Civic Participation
Innovative Strategies for Bringing Civic Education to Life
Around the CIRCLE–Summer 2003
Working Paper 08: Are There Civic Returns to Education?
Working Paper 07: The Civic Bonding of School and Family: How Kids Voting Students Enliven the Domestic Sphere
Special Report: The Civic Mission of Schools

News & Entertainment Media


Celebrating Media Literacy Week! 10 Ways Media Literacy Matters in 2020
Five Takeaways on Social Media and the Youth Vote in 2018
The Impact of Local News on Youth Political Engagement
A Civic Imperative for Media Literacy
Research on News Media and Implications for Youth Engagement
Information Literacy in High School Civics
Featured: Five Strategies to Revive Civic Communication
The Internet’s Role in Making Engaged Citizens
CIRCLE receives two grants from the Corporation for National and Community Service
Civic Life Online
Television Consumption and Civic Engagement Among 15 to 25 Year Olds
Media Use Among Young People in 2006
Around the CIRCLE- V4.I4 July 2007
College Students in the 2004 Election
Participation in Sports and Civic Engagement
Federal Policies for Civic Education and Service
Civic Engagement Among Young Men and Women
Civic Engagement among 2-year and 4-year College Students
Special Report: The 2006 Civic and Political Health of the Nation
Around the CIRCLE–V4.I1 October 2006
Working Paper 49: Experiments in Political Socialization: Kids Voting USA as a Model for Civic Education Reform
Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn
Working Paper 42: Young Voters and the Web of Politics 2004: The Youth Political Web Sphere Comes of Age
The Effects of Civic Education on Civic Skills
Working Paper 29: News for A New Generation: Can it Be Fun and Functional?
Working Paper 24: Technology and Politics: Incentives for Youth Participation
Working Paper 22: Education for Deliberative Democracy: The Long-term Influence of Kids Voting USA
Working Paper 20: Young Voters and the Web of Politics: Pathways to Participation in the Youth Engagement and Electoral Campaign Web Spheres
Working Paper 16: News for a New Generation. Report 1: Content Analysis, Interviews, and Focus Groups
Special Report: Youth as E-Citizens: Engaging the Digital Generation
Young People and Political Campaigning on the Internet
Attention to Media and trust in Media Sources
Media Use Among Young People

Non-College Youth


Guest Post – The Power of Youth-led Organizations: Combining Issue Organizing, Voter Engagement, and Leadership Development
College Student-Heavy Counties Support Sanders, Play Major Role in Iowa Caucus
2014 Midterms: Lessons from the 2010 Elections about Turnout among Registered Youth
Youth Engagement in Extracurricular Activities and the Social Class Divide
Crucial Role for Higher Ed in Building Youth Civic Engagement
Commission on Youth Voting and Civic Knowledge Releases Report
Education Gap Persists: 66% of youth with any college experience turned out to vote, 35% of youth with no college experience
So, What Next? Recommendations for Working with Young People in Communities
“That’s Not Democracy.” How Out-of-School Youth Engage in Civic Life and What Stands in Their Way
No Clear Difference in Candidate Preference or Party Affiliation by Educational Experience; Youth with No College Experience Less Knowledgeable about State Voting Laws
(Socially) Constructive Construction: CIRCLE Report on YouthBuild Alumni
Distributed Today at the White House: CIRCLE Study Shows YouthBuild Builds Leaders
College- vs. Non-College-Bound Youth: Is the Civic Participation Gap Widening?
Critical Consciousness Motivates Voting Among Poor and Working Class Youth
Youth Unemployment and Civic Engagement
Do Interactions with the Criminal Justice System have Civic Effects?
Official Youth Turnout Rate in 2010 was 24%
CIRCLE’s Work on the Civic Engagement of Non-College Youth: A summary
CIRCLE Hosts a Gathering for Organizations Working with Non-College Attending Youth
The “Forgotten Half”: Education Disparities in Youth Voter Turnout
Civic Pathways Webinar
The Internet and Civic Outcomes: Notes from the Field
Youth without college education are less likely to volunteer: New CIRCLE report examines the correlation between college experience & volunteering
Civic Engagement of Non-College Attending Youth
Civic Engagement and the Changing Transition to Adulthood
Three New Volunteering Fact Sheets
Civic Engagement Among non-College Attending Youth
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I1 August 2005
Working Paper 37: The Political Participation of College Students, Working Students and Working Youth
Working Paper 36: The Political Participation of Working Youth and College Students
Electoral Engagement Among Non-College Attending Youth
Working Paper 34: Survey of Civic Learning Opportunities for Out-of-School Youth in the Adult Education and Literacy System

Race, Gender, and Immigrant Status


County by County, Young People of Color Key to Democratic Candidates in Close Races
CIRCLE Poll: Ahead of 2018 Midterms, A New Generation Finds its Political Voice
Millennials Deeply Uncertain about Democracy Post-Election, But Few Believe it is in Peril
Young Women and Non-Black Youth Favored Sanders on Super Tuesday; Issue Priorities Drive Differences in Vote Choice by Age
African American Youth Support Secretary Clinton, Shape Results in South Carolina
Top 8 Takeaways about Young Voters and the 2014 Election
Latino Youth: Political Engagement Trends
Asian American Youth: Political Engagement Trends
African American Youth: Political Engagement Trends
New Analysis: Political Engagement of Asian American, African American, and Latino Youth
Strengthening Democracy: Girls’ Leadership and K-12 Education
Youth Engagement by Race, Ethnicity, and Gender
Young Women Drive Youth Turnout
New CIRCLE Fact Sheet: Civic Engagement and Political Leadership Among Women – a Call for Solutions
Turning Engagement into Civic & Political Leadership among Young Women
Women are Committed Civic Actors but We Still Have Much to Go
Discussion, Debate, and Simulations Boost Students’ Civic Knowledge, But Gaps Remain
Immigration and the 2012 Election
Support for President Obama Varied Greatly by Gender and Race
Racial and Ethnic Variations in Support of President Obama and Current Administration
A Midwestern Mosaic: Immigration and Political Socialization in Rural America
2010 College Student Voting – Part 2
Turnout by Education, Race and Gender and Other 2008 Youth Voting Statistics
Immigrant Youth & Civic Engagement
CIRCLE Working Paper 59: Democracy for Some–The Civic Opportunity Gap in High School
Young Urban Voters in the Midterm Election Year 2006
Quick Facts About Young Voters by Metropolitan Area: The Midterm Elections 2006
Quick Facts About Young Voters by State: The Midterm Election Year 2006
Youth Voter Turnout Increases in 2006
Attitudes of Young People Toward Diversity
Quick Facts on Young Voters: 2004
Participation in Sports and Civic Engagement
Immigrant Youth Demographics
Volunteering Among Young People
Around the CIRCLE–V.4 I.3 APRIL 2007
Civic Engagement Among Young Men and Women
Working Paper 53: Do Gender and Ethnicity Affect Civic Engagement and Academic Progress?
An Assessment of Civic Engagement and Educational Attainment
Working Paper 52: Civic Engagement and High School Academic Progress: An Analysis Using NELS Data
Working Paper 51: The Civic Achievement Gap
Around the CIRCLE– V4.I2 January 2007
Civic Engagement Among Minority Youth
Young Voters in the 2006 Elections
2006 Youth Demographics
Civic Engagement among Recent College Graduates
Working Paper 50: Civil Rights Activists in the Information Age: The Development of Math Literacy Workers
Special Report: The 2006 Civic and Political Health of the Nation
Around the CIRCLE–V4.I1 October 2006
Quick Facts About Young Voters: 2006
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I4 June 2006
Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn
Special Report: The 2004 Youth Vote
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I2 November 2005
Working Paper 41: Gender and Civic Engagement: Secondary Analysis of Survey Data
Working Paper 38: Giving Back to the Community: African American Inner City Teens and Civic Engagement
The Youth Vote 2004
Voter Turnout Among Young Women and Men
Electoral Engagement Among Minority Youth
Working Paper 33: The Impact of Participation in Service-Learning on High School Students’ Civic Engagement
Working Paper 32: Social Representation in the U.S. Military Services
Around the CIRCLE–April 2005
Working Paper 25: Civic Views of Young Adult Minorities: Exploring the Influences of Kinship Communities and Youth Mentoring Communities on Prosocial Civic Behaviors
Focus on Asian American Youth Voting
Around the CIRCLE–October 2004
Working Paper 19: Getting Out the Vote among Asian American Young People and Adults in Los Angeles County: A Field Experiment
Working Paper 14: The Relationship between Secondary Education and Civic Development: Results from Two Field Experiments with Inner City Minorities
Working Paper 10: Mobilizing the Latino Youth Vote
Around the CIRCLE–Summer 2003
Electoral Engagement Among Latino Youth

Service Learning


When Civic Skill Development Translates to Broader Youth Development: A Program Profile
#YouthTruth: Civic Skills Crucial at Election Time – But Are these Skills Taught to Youth?
CIRCLE Helps Plot New Youth Mapping Software
Live Streaming Audio: Peter Levine Panelist at Public Forum on Service-Learning Research and Implications for Public Policy
Federal Policies for Civic Education and Service
Around the CIRCLE–V.4 I.3 APRIL 2007
Working Paper 53: Do Gender and Ethnicity Affect Civic Engagement and Academic Progress?
An Assessment of Civic Engagement and Educational Attainment
Working Paper 52: Civic Engagement and High School Academic Progress: An Analysis Using NELS Data
Around the CIRCLE– V4.I2 January 2007
Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn
Working Paper 38: Giving Back to the Community: African American Inner City Teens and Civic Engagement
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I1 August 2005
Working Paper 33: The Impact of Participation in Service-Learning on High School Students’ Civic Engagement
Youth-Led Research: Indianapolis Student Researchers Investigate their Schools
Service-Learning in K-12 Public Education

Youth Attitudes and Beliefs


Growing Voters: Engaging Youth Before they Reach Voting Age to Strengthen Democracy
Youth Voting Rose in 2018 Despite Concerns over the State of American Democracy
The Gun Violence Prevention Movement Fueled Youth Engagement in the 2018 Election
CIRCLE Poll: Young People’s Ambivalent Relationship with Political Parties
Generation Z Voters Could Make Waves in 2018 Midterm Elections
Engaging a Broader Youth Electorate: 10 Research-Based Recommendations for Increasing Voter Engagement
CIRCLE Poll: Ahead of 2018 Midterms, A New Generation Finds its Political Voice
CIRCLE Poll: Youth Engagement in the 2018 Election
Millennials’ Diverse Political Views: A Typology of the Rising Generation
Millennials Deeply Uncertain about Democracy Post-Election, But Few Believe it is in Peril
Post-election Millennial Poll Reveals Divides, Opportunities for Youth Engagement
Full Analysis: Young Voters in the 2016 General Election
CIRCLE 2016 Millennial Poll: Full Analysis
Guest Post – A Sense of Youth Agency Beyond Elections
Guest Post – The Power of Youth-led Organizations: Combining Issue Organizing, Voter Engagement, and Leadership Development
How Do Young People Decide Who to Vote for?
Does the Age of a Presidential Candidate Matter to Young Voters?
Top 8 Takeaways about Young Voters and the 2014 Election
Strengthening Democracy: Girls’ Leadership and K-12 Education
Harry, Hermione, Ron, and Neville – Portraits of American Teens’ Leisure Time Use
Immigration and the 2012 Election
Support for President Obama Varied Greatly by Gender and Race
More Analysis of Young Voters on Issues, House Candidate Support, Differences from Older Voters
YOUNG VOTERS AND THE HORSERACE: 52.1% Obama v. 35.1% Romney
#YouthTruth: Not all youth vote Democratic, and historically the youth vote has often been competitive
Republican and Conservative Youth Also Unsure of State Voting Laws; Policy Views Not Fully in Alignment with Republican Platform
No Clear Difference in Candidate Preference or Party Affiliation by Educational Experience; Youth with No College Experience Less Knowledgeable about State Voting Laws
Racial and Ethnic Variations in Support of President Obama and Current Administration
Romney Trails Among Young Adults
Critical Consciousness Motivates Voting Among Poor and Working Class Youth
FEATURED: Youth Attitudes Toward Civility in Politics
The Millennial Pendulum
CIRCLE Releases New Working Paper on How Adolescents Develop Trust
Around the CIRCLE- WINTER 2008 V.5 I.2
The Youth Vote in the 2008 Iowa Caucus
CIRCLE Working Paper 56: Schools, Education and the Future of the First Amendment
Civic Engagement Among non-College Attending Youth
Themes Emphasized in Social Studies and Civics Classes
Strengths and Weaknesses in U.S. Students’ Knowledge and Skills: Analysis from the IEA Civic Education Study
College Students in the 2004 Election
Attitudes of Young People Toward Diversity
Participation in Sports and Civic Engagement
Working Paper 55: Civic Measurement Models: Tapping Adolescents’ Civic Engagement
Civic Engagement Among Young Men and Women
Working Paper 51: The Civic Achievement Gap
Civic Engagement Among Minority Youth
Civic Engagement among Recent College Graduates
Special Report: The 2006 Civic and Political Health of the Nation
Around the CIRCLE–V4.I1 October 2006
Working Paper 46: College Students and Politics: A Literature Review
Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn
The New Face of America’s Social-Issue Voters
Working Paper 41: Gender and Civic Engagement: Secondary Analysis of Survey Data
Working Paper 40: The Changing Lifeworld of Young People: Risk, Resume-Padding, and Civic Engagement
Voter Turnout Among Young Women and Men
Electoral Engagement Among Minority Youth
Electoral Engagement Among Non-College Attending Youth
Working Paper 33: The Impact of Participation in Service-Learning on High School Students’ Civic Engagement
Special Report: OMG! How Generation Y Is Redefining Faith in the iPod Era
Working Paper 28: Voice in the Classroom: How an Open Classroom Environment Facilitates Adolescents’ Civic Development
Working Paper 27: From the Horse’s Mouth: A Dialogue Between Politicians and College Students
Working Paper 25: Civic Views of Young Adult Minorities: Exploring the Influences of Kinship Communities and Youth Mentoring Communities on Prosocial Civic Behaviors
Sending the right messages: How comunities shape young people’s attitudes towards politics
Working Paper 23: A Comparative Analysis of Community Youth Development Strategies
Around the CIRCLE–Winter 2004
Adolescents’ Trust and Civic Participation in the United States: Analysis of Data from the IEA Civic Education Study
Working Paper 17: Trust in Government-Related Institutions and Civic Engagement among Adolescents: Analysis of Five Countries from the IEA Civic Education Study
National Youth Survey, 2004
How Young People Express Their Political Views
Working Paper 05: Promoting Positive Citizenship: Priming Youth for Action
Working Paper 04: Identity Development and Feelings of Fulfillment: Mediators of Future Civic Engagement
The Civic and Political Health of the Nation: National Civic Engagement Survey II, Fall 2002
Youth Attitudes toward Civic Education and Community Service Requirements
Special Report: The 2002 Civic and Political Health of the Nation
Special Report: Short-Term Impacts, Long-Term Opportunities

Youth Demographics


Growing Voters: 18 Ways Youth Under 18 Can Contribute to Elections
Voter Turnout of Youth Aged 18-19 Shows States Having Varied Success at Growing Voters
County by County, Young People of Color Key to Democratic Candidates in Close Races
CIRCLE Poll: Youth Engagement in the 2018 Election
Are Political Parties and Campaigns Reaching Young People in Civic Deserts?
Was Ayanna Pressley’s Victory in the MA-7 Primary another Example of Youth Support for Democratic Challengers?
YESI 2018: The States Where Youth Can Swing Senate and Governor Races
Millennials’ Diverse Political Views: A Typology of the Rising Generation
Rural Millennials, the 2016 Election and Civic Deserts
Full Analysis: Young Voters in the 2016 General Election
More Young White Men, More College-Grads Among 2016 Youth Electorate
CIRCLE 2016 Millennial Poll: Full Analysis
Race, Gender, Party Affiliation Shaped Youth Vote in Super Tuesday Republican Races
Will Strong Youth Turnout Continue in Nevada and South Carolina?
Exclusive New Research: Where Will Youth Voters Shape the 2016 Elections?
Latino Youth: Political Engagement Trends
Asian American Youth: Political Engagement Trends
African American Youth: Political Engagement Trends
UPDATED – 2014 Midterms: Young Voters in Competitive Senate Races
The Youth Vote in 2014: Races to Watch
Youth Engagement in Extracurricular Activities and the Social Class Divide
Harry, Hermione, Ron, and Neville – Portraits of American Teens’ Leisure Time Use
Immigration and the 2012 Election
#YouthTruth: Young Voters are Diverse in Many Ways
You Ask, We Answer: More Youth Eligible to Vote than Those Over 65
Young people of faith more likely to be engaged than non-religious counterparts
Marital Status and Civic Engagment
Civic Engagement Among non-College Attending Youth
Themes Emphasized in Social Studies and Civics Classes
Immigrant Youth Demographics
Around the CIRCLE– V4.I2 January 2007
Civic Engagement Among Minority Youth
2006 Youth Demographics
Civic Engagement among 2-year and 4-year College Students
College Attendance and Civic Engagement Among 18 to 25 Year Olds
Quick Facts About Young Voters: 2006
The Youth Vote 2004

Youth Voting/Political Participation


Voter Turnout of Youth Aged 18-19 Shows States Having Varied Success at Growing Voters
Voting with their Wallets: The Largely Untapped Potential of Youth As Political Donors
Growing Voters: Engaging Youth Before they Reach Voting Age to Strengthen Democracy
New National Youth Turnout Estimate: 28% of Young People Voted in 2018
Final Analysis of State-by-State Youth Voter Turnout Shows Increases Across the Country
Youth Voting Rose in 2018 Despite Concerns over the State of American Democracy
2018 Youth Turnout Increased in Every State for Which We Have Data
Political Outreach to Youth Effective in 2018 Midterms, But Many Still Left Out
State by State Youth Turnout Estimates Confirm Trend of Increased Participation, Impact on 2018 Midterms
The Gun Violence Prevention Movement Fueled Youth Engagement in the 2018 Election
Five Takeaways on Social Media and the Youth Vote in 2018
County by County, Young People of Color Key to Democratic Candidates in Close Races
Young People Dramatically Increase their Turnout to 31%, Shape 2018 Midterm Elections
Young People Favor Democratic House Candidates by Historic Margin, Data Continue to Suggest High Youth Participation for a Midterm
Are Exit Polls Accurately Measuring the Vote Choice of the Youth Electorate?
Understanding Voting Data: Youth Turnout vs. Youth Share
The Impact of Local News on Youth Political Engagement
CIRCLE Poll: Young People’s Ambivalent Relationship with Political Parties
Generation Z Voters Could Make Waves in 2018 Midterm Elections
CIRCLE Poll: So Much for Slacktivism, As Youth Translate Online Engagement to Offline Political Action
Engaging a Broader Youth Electorate: 10 Research-Based Recommendations for Increasing Voter Engagement
CIRCLE Poll: Ahead of 2018 Midterms, A New Generation Finds its Political Voice
CIRCLE Poll: Youth Engagement in the 2018 Election
Are Political Parties and Campaigns Reaching Young People in Civic Deserts?
Was Ayanna Pressley’s Victory in the MA-7 Primary another Example of Youth Support for Democratic Challengers?
Why Youth Don’t Vote – Differences by Race and Education
How Do Young People Vote in Midterm Elections?
YESI Spotlight: Facilitative Election Laws
YESI 2018: Top 50 Congressional Districts
YESI 2018: The States Where Youth Can Swing Senate and Governor Races
From #Parkland to the Polls: Teen Activism and Youth Voting in 2018
Millennials’ Diverse Political Views: A Typology of the Rising Generation
Top 10 Congressional Districts Where Youth Might Decide the 2018 Elections
Teens and Elections
23% of Youth Vote in Alabama, Propel Doug Jones to Victory
Virginia Youth Voter Turnout Doubled between 2009 and 2017, Estimates Suggest
Boston Highlights Potential, Challenges in Off-Year Electoral Engagement
Millennials Deeply Uncertain about Democracy Post-Election, But Few Believe it is in Peril
Rural Millennials, the 2016 Election and Civic Deserts
Post-election Millennial Poll Reveals Divides, Opportunities for Youth Engagement
How to Engage Youth in Elections and Beyond
Full Analysis: Young Voters in the 2016 General Election
More Young White Men, More College-Grads Among 2016 Youth Electorate
An Estimated 24 Million Young People Voted in 2016 Election
UPDATED: Young People Reject Trump, But Older Voters Propel Him to Unexpected Victory
CIRCLE 2016 Millennial Poll: Full Analysis
Exclusive CIRCLE Poll on Millennial Attitudes about Presidential Election, Contact by Campaigns/Parties
Top 50 Districts Where Young People May Impact the 2016 Congressional Elections
Exclusive Analysis: Hillary Clinton and Young Voters
Youth Voting in the 2016 Primaries
Exclusive Analysis: Donald Trump and Young Voters
Guest Post – Developing Youth Skills Before and After Election Day
Guest Post – A Sense of Youth Agency Beyond Elections
Youth Turnout High in West Virginia; Young Republican Primary Voters Seem to Turn to Trump
UPDATED – Total Youth Votes in 2016 Primaries and Caucuses
High Youth Turnout Continues in Maryland, Connecticut; Young Voters Still Lukewarm on Frontrunners
Record-Breaking Youth Turnout in New York Fueled by Participation in Democratic Primary
Estimated Youth Turnout in Wisconsin Second-Highest in 2016 Primaries
Young Women and Non-Black Youth Favored Sanders on Super Tuesday; Issue Priorities Drive Differences in Vote Choice by Age
Guest Post – The Power of Youth-led Organizations: Combining Issue Organizing, Voter Engagement, and Leadership Development
Record-Breaking Youth Turnout Continues; Clinton and Trump Still Lagging with Young Voters 
Youth in Politics: On the Ground in Illinois
Race, Gender, Party Affiliation Shaped Youth Vote in Super Tuesday Republican Races
Young Voters at Core of Sanders Upset in Michigan; Republican Youth Participation Continues to Rise
African American Youth Support Secretary Clinton, Shape Results in South Carolina
High Youth Turnout on Super Tuesday Exceeded Impressive 2008 Participation in Several States
Which, Why, and How Republican Youth Voted in South Carolina
Youth Participation in South Carolina Exceeds 2008 High; Young People Prefer Different Candidates than Older Voters
Young Republicans in Nevada Caucus in Record Numbers, Not as Keen on Trump
UPDATED: Youth in Politics: On the Ground in the Silver State and Palmetto State
Republican Youth Set Another Participation Record in South Carolina
Will Strong Youth Turnout Continue in Nevada and South Carolina?
UPDATED: Youth voter turnout in NH Primary ties the record-breaking participation in 2008: Turnout propelled by Republican youth participation
Exclusive New Research: Where Will Youth Voters Shape the 2016 Elections?
College Student-Heavy Counties Support Sanders, Play Major Role in Iowa Caucus
Young Iowans Set Record for Republican Caucus Participation while Overall Youth Turnout 11%; Tremendous Youth Support for Sanders Keeps Democratic Iowa Caucus Tight
Young New Hampshire Voters Historically Active, Independent-Minded in Primaries
How Youth Can Swing Elections: Lessons from 2014
New Report: Effective Nonprofit Outreach Improves Voting Rates
Call for Guest Posts: Youth Electoral Engagement and Beyond
Youth Party Registration Lagging Behind 2012 in Nevada
Data Indicate GOP Candidates Should Make Concerted Effort to Talk To, Involve Young Republican Voters in Campaigns
2014 Youth Turnout and Youth Registration Rates Lowest Ever Recorded; Changes Essential in 2016
How Do Young People Decide Who to Vote for?
Does the Age of a Presidential Candidate Matter to Young Voters?
Young Voters on 2016 Candidates: Meh
CIRCLE Research Supports Efforts to Lower Voting Age in Local Elections
Strong Link between Youth Thought about Election and Turnout in 2014 Midterms
New CIRCLE Estimate: 2014 Youth Turnout Was 22.2%
Top 8 Takeaways about Young Voters and the 2014 Election
2014 Midterms: The Effects of Competitiveness and Ballot Measures on Youth Turnout
Young People Support Democratic Congressional Candidates
EARLY EXIT POLLS: Youth Represent 13% of Voters in 2014
Do Controversial Ballot Measures Affect Youth Voter Turnout?
Latino Youth: Political Engagement Trends
Asian American Youth: Political Engagement Trends
African American Youth: Political Engagement Trends
UPDATED – 2014 Midterms: Young Voters in Competitive Senate Races
New Analysis: Political Engagement of Asian American, African American, and Latino Youth
Strengthening Democracy: Girls’ Leadership and K-12 Education
#CelebrateNVRD: Tuesday, September 23rd is National Voter Registration Day
Youth Engagement by Race, Ethnicity, and Gender
The Youth Vote in 2014: Races to Watch
2014 Midterms: Why Half of Youth Don’t Register to Vote
2014 Midterms: How Youth Register to Vote
2014 Midterms: Why (Some) Registered Youth Don’t Vote
2014 Midterms: Lessons from the 2010 Elections about Turnout among Registered Youth
Solid Turnout of Teen Voters in Local Election
Commission on Youth Voting and Civic Knowledge Releases Report
State by State Youth Voter Turnout in 2012
Young Women Drive Youth Turnout
Estimating Youth Turnout from Census and Exit Poll Data
Only 12.3 Million Young People, 18-29, Voted for President Obama in ‘12; Down from 14.8 Million in ‘08
Lack of Information and Engagement Make Presidential and Midterm Years Different for Youth
Immigration and the 2012 Election
High School Civic Education Linked to Voting Participation and Political Knowledge, No Effect on Partisanship or Candidate Selection
Distinguished, Nonpartisan Commission Announced to Study and Inform Policies on Youth Voting
Did Civic Education Laws Affect Youth Turnout in 2012?
Did New State Voting Laws Affect the Youth Vote in 2012?
Education Gap Persists: 66% of youth with any college experience turned out to vote, 35% of youth with no college experience
Support for President Obama Varied Greatly by Gender and Race
More Analysis of Young Voters on Issues, House Candidate Support, Differences from Older Voters
Updated Estimate: Youth Turnout was 50% in 2012; Youth Turnout in Battleground States 58%
Youth Turnout: At Least 49%, 22-23 Million Under-30 Voted
EARLY EXIT POLLS: Youth Represent 19% of Voters, Up 1 Point from 2008
Campaign Contact in Battleground States
Youth Poll Shows Engagement and Intention-to-Vote Rises Since Summer, Many Factors Influence Youth Voting
Outreach to youth: 11.5% of college youth but just 5.8% of non-college youth have been contacted on behalf of Obama; 3.5% of college youth and 6.6% of non-college youth for Romney
Since Summer, Obama Gains 10 Points with African-American Youth and 14 Points with Latino youth
Knowledge about Voter Laws Still Lacking
Millennials are on Par with Boomers in Voter Turnout
YOUNG VOTERS AND THE HORSERACE: 52.1% Obama v. 35.1% Romney
#YouthTruth: Civic Skills Crucial at Election Time – But Are these Skills Taught to Youth?
How to Understand Youth Voting Data
Once Again, Data Points to the Power of the Ask
Today is National Voter Registration Day!
What’s All the Fuss About “Election Enthusiasm”?
Democrats and Obama Campaign Build Youth Outreach Into Convention
68% of Currently-Undecided Youth Voted for Obama in 2008, 28% for McCain; Romney Supporters Less Likely to be Unemployed, while 86% of Obama supporters “admiring” or “satisfied” with him
Republican-Allied Groups Target Young Voters
#YouthTruth: Not all youth vote Democratic, and historically the youth vote has often been competitive
Republican and Conservative Youth Also Unsure of State Voting Laws; Policy Views Not Fully in Alignment with Republican Platform
No Clear Difference in Candidate Preference or Party Affiliation by Educational Experience; Youth with No College Experience Less Knowledgeable about State Voting Laws
Racial and Ethnic Variations in Support of President Obama and Current Administration
Romney Trails Among Young Adults
Impact of AmeriCorps on Voting: Study Finds No Evidence that AmeriCorps Mobilizes Young People Politically; Non-voters More Likely to Enroll in Program
You Ask, We Answer: More than ¾ of 18-29 Registered Non-College Youth Voted in 2008 [Infographic]
You Ask, We Answer: 16.8 Million New Youth Eligible to Vote in 2012
College Students Registered to Vote Turned Out at 87% in 2008
Youth Turnout in Yesterday’s Maryland Primary 2%, Wisconsin 8%
Louisiana Youth Turnout 2%
Illinois Primary Youth Turnout 4%
Santorum Surpasses Paul in Cumulative Youth Vote Count after Alabama and Mississippi Primaries
Youth Turnout in Alabama 8%, Mississippi 5%
Background: Young Voters in Alabama and Mississippi
By Same Point in 2008, Obama’s # of Youth Votes More-than-Double 2012 Republican Candidates’
Youth Turnout on Super Tuesday 5%; Paul, Santorum and Romney Tied for Youth Support
Romney Gains Lead over Paul in Youth Votes after Michigan and Arizona Primaries
Youth Turnout in Arizona 6%, Michigan 7% — More Than Triples in Both States Since 2004
Op-Ed: Does Rick Santorum Have a Youth Problem?
Background: Young Michigan Voters in 2008 Primaries and General
FEATURED: The Engaged Citizen Index: Examining the Racial and Ethnic Civic and Political Engagement Gaps of Young Adults
Nevada Youth Turnout: One Percent
Can Romney Draw Youth Support?
Florida’s Young Republican Primary Voters Far More Diverse than Those in SC, More than 20% of Young Latino Voters in 2010 Were Republican
South Carolina Youth Turnout 8%
UPDATED: New Hampshire Youth Turnout 15%
Young NH Voters Historically Engaged, With Higher Turnout than National Avg. in Every Election since ‘98
Iowa Caucus Youth Turnout: 4%, Overwhelmingly Supported Paul, Provided Candidate 1/3 of Total Votes
New Analysis of Young Voters in Battleground States Show Steep Decline in ’08 Democratic Advantage
Who are the Iowan Republican Youth?
FEATURED: New Study Dispels Stereotypes About Young Voters Ahead of 2012 Elections
Civic Engagement among Registered Citizens and Non-Registered Eligible Citizens
Critical Consciousness Motivates Voting Among Poor and Working Class Youth
2010 College Student Voting – Part 2
Non-College Youth Voting in the States
2010 College Student Voting – Part 1
Official Youth Turnout Rate in 2010 was 24%
Reweighted Exit Poll Data Suggest Youth Turnout May Have Reached 22.8%
Youth Voters in the 2010 Elections
Youth Turnout About 20%, Comparable to Recent Midterm Years
Young Adults Represented 11% of Voters, According to Final Exit Polls
Young Adults (age 18-29) Represented 9-10% of All Voters, According to Preliminary Exit Poll Data. They Were 12% of Voters in 2006
FEATURED: Voter Registration Among Young People in 2008
FEATURED: Voter Turnout Among Young Women and Men in the 2008 Presidential Election
FEATURED: The Minority Youth Vote in the 2008 Presidential Election
Examples of Organizations Engaging Young People in the 2010 Midterm Elections
FEATURED: Will Young Voters Turn Out for the 2010 Election?
’08 Primary: Summary
Young Voters in the Midterm Elections
Director Peter Levine Discusses the Implications of the Youth Vote for Conservatives
April 2010 Edition of CIRCLE’s Quarterly Newsletter Available
Massachusetts Senate Election: Youth Turnout Was Just 15%, Compared to 57% for Older Citizens; Young Voters Favored Coakley
Practitioner Experiences of Election/Same-Day Registration and the Youth Vote
Political Engagement After the Election: What’s Next?
FEATURED: Spiral of Rebellion: Conflict Seeking of Democratic Adolescents in Republican Counties
Youth Turnout Down in New Jersey, About the Same in Virginia, Compared to Past Gubernatorial Elections
FEATURED: New CIRCLE working paper shows college students respond strongly to an in-person drive; choose to vote “back home” in swing states.
National Conference on Citizenship 2009 Civic Health Index finds civic engagement under stress in the recession
New Study Examines Impact of State Election Law Reforms on Young Voters
New Census Data Confirm Increase in Youth Voter Turnout In 2008 Election
Turnout by Education, Race and Gender and Other 2008 Youth Voting Statistics
Youth Turnout Rate Rises to at Least 52%
Preliminary CIRCLE Projection: Youth Voter Turnout Up
National Exit Polls Report Youth Represented 18 Percent of Voters
CIRCLE Youth Voter Election 2008 Resources & Data
FEATURED: Young Voters in the 2008 Primaries/Caucuses
Fact Sheets on Primary States
Special Report by CIRCLE and Rock the Vote: Young Voter Registration and Turnout Trends
Disparities in Turnout and Civic Education
Around the CIRCLE- WINTER 2008 V.5 I.2
187,000 Young Voters Participate in Virginia Primaries; 137,000 in Maryland Primaries
Super Tuesday Results
FEATURED: The Youth Vote in the 2008 Early Contests (NH, MI, NV, SC, & FL)
The Youth Vote in the 2008 Iowa Caucus
How Young People Expressed Their Political Views in 2006
Voter Registration Among Young People
CIRCLE Staff meet with State Department’s International Visitors Leadership Program
Around the CIRCLE- V4.I4 July 2007
Young Urban Voters in the Midterm Election Year 2006
Quick Facts About Young Voters by Metropolitan Area: The Midterm Elections 2006
Quick Facts About Young Voters by State: The Midterm Election Year 2006
Youth Voter Turnout Increases in 2006
Civic Engagement Among non-College Attending Youth
State Voter Registration and Election Day Laws
College Students in the 2004 Election
How Teachers’ Preparation Relates to Students’ Civic Knowledge and Engagement in the United States: Analysis from the IEA Civic Education Study
Quick Facts on Young Voters: 2004
Participation in Sports and Civic Engagement
Federal Policies for Civic Education and Service
Working Paper 55: Civic Measurement Models: Tapping Adolescents’ Civic Engagement
Religious Service Attendance and Civic Engagement Among 15 to 25 Year Olds
Around the CIRCLE–V.4 I.3 APRIL 2007
Civic Engagement Among Young Men and Women
Working Paper 51: The Civic Achievement Gap
Around the CIRCLE– V4.I2 January 2007
Civic Engagement Among Minority Youth
CIRCLE Hosts Research Forum for Practitioners
Young Voters in the 2006 Elections
College Attendance and Civic Engagement Among 18 to 25 Year Olds
Civic Engagement among Recent College Graduates
Civic Engagement among 2-year and 4-year College Students
Higher Education and Civic Engagement: Summary
Special Report: The 2006 Civic and Political Health of the Nation
Around the CIRCLE–V4.I1 October 2006
Youth Voter Mobilization Tactics
Special Report: Young Voter Mobilization Tactics
Quick Facts About Young Voters: 2006
Working Paper 49: Experiments in Political Socialization: Kids Voting USA as a Model for Civic Education Reform
Working Paper 46: College Students and Politics: A Literature Review
Working Paper 45: Youth Civic Engagement: An Institutional Turn
The New Face of America’s Social-Issue Voters
Special Report: The 2004 Youth Vote
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I2 November 2005
Working Paper 42: Young Voters and the Web of Politics 2004: The Youth Political Web Sphere Comes of Age
Working Paper 41: Gender and Civic Engagement: Secondary Analysis of Survey Data
Around the CIRCLE– V3.I1 August 2005
Working Paper 37: The Political Participation of College Students, Working Students and Working Youth
Working Paper 36: The Political Participation of Working Youth and College Students
The Youth Vote 2004
Youth Voter Turnout in the States during the 2004 Presidential and 2002 Midterm Elections
Voter Turnout Among Young Women and Men
Electoral Engagement Among Minority Youth
Electoral Engagement Among Non-College Attending Youth
Working Paper 35: The Youth Vote 2004, With a Historical Look at Youth Voting Patterns, 1972-2004
Around the CIRCLE–April 2005
Working Paper 26: Civic Engagement and the Canvass
Working Paper 24: Technology and Politics: Incentives for Youth Participation
Around the CIRCLE–October 2004
Special Report: The Fountain of Youth: Political Parties and the Mobilization of Young Americans
Around the CIRCLE–Winter 2004
Working Paper 22: Education for Deliberative Democracy: The Long-term Influence of Kids Voting USA
Working Paper 21: The Effects of an Election Day Voter Mobilization Campaign Targeting Young Voters
Working Paper 19: Getting Out the Vote among Asian American Young People and Adults in Los Angeles County: A Field Experiment
Working Paper 15: How Postregistration Laws Affect the Turnout of Registrants
Working Paper 13: Throwing a Better Party: Local Mobilizing Institutions and the Youth Vote
Special Report: Youth Vote Coalition’s Best Practices Handbook in Nonpartisan Voter Mobilization
Young People and Political Campaigning on the Internet
Around the CIRCLE–Summer 2003
Around the CIRCLE–Spring 2003
Working Paper 03: Socializing Youth for Citizenship
Working Paper 01: Easier Voting Methods Boost Youth Turnout